Establishing a scientifically robust air quality monitoring network is essential for effective management. Such a system provides spatiotemporal data on pollutant concentrations and helps identify emission sources, thereby enabling the design of evidence-based, context-specific policies.

To support the establishment of such monitoring systems, recent technological advancements have significantly expanded access to satellite systems, low-cost sensors, and machine learning techniques. Satellite systems provide broad spatial coverage and high-resolution observations, making them valuable for regional and global assessments.